Structure of Atom
CBSE · Class 11 · Chemistry
Summary of Structure of Atom for CBSE Class 11 Chemistry. Key concepts, important points, and chapter overview.
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Overview
Atoms are made of smaller particles, and their internal structure explains chemical behaviour, spectra, and bonding. The chapter traces the move from Dalton’s indivisible atom to modern quantum mechanical ideas. It covers the discovery of electrons, protons and neutrons; Thomson’s, Rutherford’s and
Key Concepts
The electron is a negatively charged
The electron is a negatively charged fundamental particle with charge -1.602176 × 10^-19 C and mass 9.1094 × 10^-31 kg. The proton is a positively cha
Thomson proposed that the atom
Thomson proposed that the atom is a sphere of positive charge with electrons embedded in it, like a plum pudding or watermelon model. It explained neu
Rutherford’s alpha
Rutherford’s alpha-particle scattering experiment on gold foil showed that most of the atom is empty space, while positive charge and almost all mass
A revolving charged electron should lose
A revolving charged electron should lose energy continuously and spiral into the nucleus. Classical calculations show this should happen in about 10^-
Electromagnetic waves travel in vacuum at
Electromagnetic waves travel in vacuum at 3.0 × 10^8 m/s and obey c = vλ. Radiation is described by frequency and wavelength, and wavenumber is also u
Learning Objectives
- Understand the discovery and properties of electron, proton and neutron.
- Describe Thomson, Rutherford and Bohr atomic models and their limitations.
- Explain electromagnetic radiation, black body radiation and Planck’s quantum theory.
- Describe the photoelectric effect and Einstein’s equation.
- Interpret hydrogen line spectra using the Rydberg formula and Bohr model.
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Sources & Official References
- NCERT Official — ncert.nic.in
- CBSE Academic — cbseacademic.nic.in
- CBSE Official — cbse.gov.in
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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