Mathematics In India — Syllabus
CBSE · Class 11 · Knowledge Traditions and Practices of India
What Mathematics In India covers in CBSE Class 11 Knowledge Traditions and Practices of India: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session.
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Topics in Mathematics In India
1. Early Indian Background and Numerical Symbolism
- Indian mathematical knowledge goes back to the Vedic age and later Brāhmaṇa period.
- The Yajurveda Saṃhitā mentions numerical denominations as large as 10^12.
- The fractions one-half and three-fourths occur in the Ṛgveda.
2. Golden Period of Indian Mathematics
- The Golden or Siddhāntic period of Indian mathematics is A.D. 500–1200.
- It begins with Āryabhaṭa I, born in A.D. 496.
- It ends with Bhāskara II, born in A.D. 1114.
3. Arithmetic: Basic Operations and Ancient Terminology
- Ancient Indian mathematics recognised eight fundamental operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, square, square-root, cube, and cube-root.
- Brahmagupta described twenty logistics and eight determinations in pāṅgaṇita.
- The ancient name for addition is saṅkalita.
4. Arithmetic Methods: Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division
- Bhāskara II said: 'Add the figures in the same places in the direct or the inverse order.'
- Direct addition adds from the units place upward.
- Inverse addition starts from the last place and moves leftward.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Growth of mathematical knowledge in India from the early period to the Golden Siddhāntic age and beyond
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Sources & Official References
- NCERT Official — ncert.nic.in
- CBSE Academic — cbseacademic.nic.in
- CBSE Official — cbse.gov.in
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
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