The Amazing World of Solutes, Solvents, and Solutions

Salt water, Sugar in tea, Air

Solutions are uniform mixtures. Salt water, sugar in tea, and air are all uniform mixtures. Sand and water, oil and water are non-uniform mixtures.

Bottom of the meniscus

For colorless liquids like water, we read from the bottom of the meniscus (curved surface) to get an accurate measurement.

Temperature, Pressure

Temperature and pressure are the main factors affecting gas solubility. Higher temperature decreases gas solubility, while higher pressure increases it.

Ice is less dense than water

When water freezes to form ice, it expands and becomes less dense than liquid water. Objects less dense than water float on it.