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Principles Related to Practical Chemistry — Important Topics

NEET-UG · Chemistry

Most important topics from Principles Related to Practical Chemistry for NEET-UG Chemistry 2026 — high-weightage areas based on previous year analysis.

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A labeled diagram of the Kjeldahl's apparatus used for the quantitative estimation of nitrogen in an organic compound, involving digestion, distillation, and titration.
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Principles Related to Practical Chemistry — Syllabus & Topics

Topics covered in Principles Related to Practical Chemistry for NEET-UG Chemistry.

Topics in Principles Related to Practical Chemistry

1

Detection of Elements in Organic Compounds

  • Dumas Method for nitrogen: Organic compound + CuO → CO₂ + H₂O + N₂ + Cu. Nitrogen percentage = (28 × Volume of N₂ at NTP × 100)/(22400 × Weight of substance)
  • Kjeldahl Method for nitrogen: Limited to compounds without azo (-N=N-), azoxy (-N=N→O), nitroso (-NO) groups and pyridine rings
  • Carius Method for halogens: Compound heated with fuming HNO₃ and AgNO₃ in sealed tube forms AgX precipitate
2

Detection of Functional Groups

  • Alcohols: Ceric ammonium nitrate test gives red coloration due to complex formation
  • Phenols: Liebermann test (NaNO₂ + H₂SO₄) gives blue/green color; FeCl₃ gives violet color
  • Aldehydes: Tollen's test (silver mirror), Fehling's test (red Cu₂O precipitate), Schiff's test (magenta color)
3

Preparation of Inorganic Compounds

  • Mohr's Salt (FeSO₄.(NH₄)₂SO₄.6H₂O): Prepared by mixing equimolar amounts of FeSO₄.7H₂O and (NH₄)₂SO₄
  • Reaction: FeSO₄.7H₂O + (NH₄)₂SO₄ → FeSO₄.(NH₄)₂SO₄.6H₂O + H₂O
  • Potash Alum (K₂SO₄.Al₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O): Prepared from equimolar K₂SO₄ and Al₂(SO₄)₃.18H₂O
4

Preparation of Organic Compounds

  • Acetanilide: C₆H₅NH₂ + (CH₃CO)₂O → C₆H₅NHCOCH₃ + CH₃COOH
  • p-Nitroacetanilide: Nitration of acetanilide using HNO₃/H₂SO₄ mixture (80% para, 20% ortho)
  • Aniline Yellow: Coupling reaction between benzenediazonium chloride and aniline

Key Concepts

Systematic methods to identify nitrogen (Duma'sSpecific chemical tests to identify functionalSystematic identification through preliminary tests (phys...Quantitative analysis using volume relationships betweenSynthetic methods for important compounds

Frequently Asked Questions

What topics are covered in Principles Related to Practical Chemistry for NEET-UG?
Principles Related to Practical Chemistry is an important chapter in NEET-UG Chemistry. It covers key concepts and formulas that are frequently tested in the exam. Key topics include: Detection of Elements in Organic Compounds, Detection of Functional Groups, Preparation of Inorganic Compounds, Preparation of Organic Compounds.
How important is Principles Related to Practical Chemistry for NEET-UG?
Principles Related to Practical Chemistry is a frequently tested chapter in NEET-UG Chemistry. Questions from this chapter appear regularly in previous year papers. There are 50 practice questions available for this chapter.
How to prepare Principles Related to Practical Chemistry for NEET-UG?
Start by understanding the core concepts, then solve practice questions. Focus on formulas and their applications. Use revision notes for quick review before the exam.

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