Intelligence — Study Plan
Gujarat Board · Class 12 · Psychology
A step-by-step study plan for Intelligence, Gujarat Board Class 12 Psychology: what to learn first, what to practise and when to revise.
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Study Plan
Learn the Theory
Read the textbook chapter carefully. Note down definitions, formulas and key ideas. Focus on: Definition and Nature of Intelligence, Normal Probability Curve of Intelligence, Contemporary Approaches to Intelligence.
Practise
Solve the textbook exercises and extra practice questions.
Revise & Test
Revise key points without looking at your notes. Take a practice quiz and mark weak areas for another pass.
Spaced Revision
Come back to Intelligence after a week. Use flashcards for quick recall and try past exam questions on this chapter.
What to Focus On
- Intelligence is derived from Latin 'intelligere' meaning to understand and Sanskrit 'Budh' meaning to gain knowledge.
- Wechsler described intelligence as a global capacity to act purposefully, think rationally, and deal with the environment.
- Intelligence is a sum total of cognitive processes including reasoning, problem-solving, and abstract thinking.
- IQ formula: IQ = (Mental Age / Chronological Age) × 100, given by William Stern (1912).
- Mental age is calculated by giving 2 months credit for each correct answer in intelligence tests.
- The Normal Probability Curve (Bell Curve) shows that 50% of people fall in the average IQ range (90–109).
- Spearman's G-Factor is inborn and general; S-Factor is learned and specific to activities.
- Sternberg's three types: Componential (Analytical), Experiential (Creative), Contextual (Practical).
- Guilford identified 150 factors of intelligence across 3 dimensions: Operations (5), Content (5), Product (6).
Common Mistakes to Avoid
IQ = Intelligence, and a high IQ means a person is intelligent in every way
Spearman's G-factor is learned and can be improved with education and training
Guilford's theory has only 3 factors (Operation, Content, Product), so intelligence has 3 components
Memory Tips
Spearman's Two Factor Theory — G Factor and S Factor
Sternberg's Triarchic Theory — Componential, Experiential, Contextual
Gardner's 8 Types of Multiple Intelligence
PASS Theory by J.P. Das — Planning, Attention-Arousal, Simultaneous, Successive
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Sources & Official References
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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