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Waste

ICSE · Class 10 · Environmental Science

Quick revision notes for Waste — ICSE Class 10 Environmental Science. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

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Key Topics to Revise

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1. Nature and Types of Waste

  • Waste is material that is no longer useful or needed.
  • Before 1970, waste was viewed as useless material with no intrinsic value. Later, this view changed because waste created health, environmental, sanitation, and protection problems.
  • The composition of waste has changed from mainly biodegradable material to more non-biodegradable material because consumption patterns have changed.
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2. Types of Solid Waste

  • Domestic waste comes from homes and includes kitchen waste, packaging material, and other discarded items.
  • About 90% of domestic waste is directly dumped on land.
  • Industrial waste is released by industrial units during manufacturing.
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3. Landfills

  • Landfilling is a method of waste disposal in which waste is buried at a site called a landfill.
  • A sanitary landfill disposes refuse on land without creating nuisance to public health.
  • In a sanitary landfill, waste is dumped and covered with a thin layer of soil.
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4. Incinerators

  • Incineration is a waste treatment technology that involves combustion of waste for recovering energy.
  • Incineration and other high-temperature waste treatment systems are called thermal treatment.
  • Incineration converts waste into ash, gases, and heat.

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

Waste is any unwanted or unusableDomestic waste comes from homesIndustrial waste is released by industrialBiomedical waste comes from hospitalsE

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Waste for ICSE Class 10 Environmental Science?
Waste covers several key topics that are frequently asked in ICSE Class 10 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
How to score full marks in Waste — ICSE Class 10 Environmental Science?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 83 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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