Punctuation and Capital Letters — Flashcards

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Marks of punctuation perform the same function as pauses and stresses in speech. They help writing show meaning clearly and prevent confusion.

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A wrong mark of punctuation or the absence of a punctuation mark where there should have been one can convey a wrong meaning. Even a small mark can change the sense of a sentence.

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A full stop is used to close a statement or a command. It is also used after initials or abbreviations and to show a decimal fraction.

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Statement: Eggs are rich in protein. Command: Bring a dozen eggs from the market. Both end with a full stop because they are complete statements or commands.

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The comma is the shortest pause. It is used in many ways, such as separating words in series, setting off a noun of address, and separating parts of reported speech.

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A comma is used to separate words in series, but not before the last word when it is preceded by and. Example: Our new teacher is competent, experienced and sincere.

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A noun of address is the word used to call or speak to someone directly. A comma is used to set it off clearly. Example: Mother, may I have something to eat?

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A comma is used to separate reported speech from the rest of the sentence. Example: He said, "We should learn from our mistakes."…