The crisis of democratic order
Jharkhand Board · Class 12 · Political Science
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Get startedWhat were the main economic problems India faced in 1972-1974 that led to widespread dissatisfaction?
Answer
1. Bangladesh crisis - 8 million refugees crossed into India 2. War with Pakistan followed by US aid stoppage 3. Oil price increases in international market 4. High inflation - 23% in 1973, 30% in 197…
What was the 'Garibi Hatao' slogan and why did it become problematic?
Answer
'Garibi Hatao' (Remove Poverty) was the Congress slogan in 1971 elections. It became problematic because despite electoral victory, the social and economic condition of the country did not improve aft…
Who were the Naxalites and what was their significance during this period?
Answer
Naxalites were Marxist-Leninist groups (now called Maoists) who did not believe in parliamentary politics. They adopted armed struggle and insurgent techniques to overthrow the capitalist order and es…
Describe the Gujarat student agitation of January 1974 and its outcomes.
Answer
In January 1974, Gujarat students protested against: - Rising prices of food grains, cooking oil, and essential commodities - Corruption in high places The protest was joined by major opposition parti…
What was Jayaprakash Narayan's role in the Bihar movement and what were his demands?
Answer
JP was invited by Bihar students in March 1974 to lead their movement against rising prices, food scarcity, unemployment, and corruption. He accepted on conditions that the movement remain non-violent…
What was the Railway Strike of 1974 and why was it significant?
Answer
Led by George Fernandes through the National Coordination Committee for Railwaymen's Struggle, the strike was called in May 1974 for demands related to bonus and service conditions. Significance: - La…
What were the three main constitutional issues that led to conflict between Parliament and Judiciary?
Answer
1. Can Parliament abridge Fundamental Rights? (Supreme Court said NO) 2. Can Parliament curtail the right to property through amendment? (Court said NO) 3. Can Parliament amend Constitution to abridge…
What was controversial about the appointment of Justice A.N. Ray as Chief Justice in 1973?
Answer
The government superseded three senior judges and appointed Justice A.N. Ray as Chief Justice, breaking the tradition of appointing the senior-most judge. This became controversial because all three s…
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