Secularism
Jammu & Kashmir Board · Class 11 · Political Science
Complete topic list for Secularism in Jammu & Kashmir Board Class 11 Political Science. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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Topics in Secularism
1. Meaning of Secularism
- Secularism opposes both inter-religious domination and intra-religious domination.
- It is a doctrine that seeks to create a secular society with equality within religions and between religions.
- A secular state must not be governed directly by a priestly order.
2. Examples of Religious Domination
- More than 2,700 Sikhs were massacred in Delhi and other parts of the country in 1984.
- Several thousand Hindu Kashmiri pandits were forced to leave their homes and could not return for more than two decades.
- More than 1,000 persons were killed during the post-Godhra riots in Gujarat in 2002.
3. Secular State and Separation of Religion and State
- A secular state must not be run by heads of any particular religion.
- A state governed directly by a priestly order is called theocratic.
- Theocratic states are marked by hierarchy, oppression, and limited freedom for other religions.
4. Western Model of Secularism
- The Western model is best represented by the American state.
- It is based on mutual exclusion between religion and the state.
- The state does not intervene in religion, and religion does not interfere in the state.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Secularism as a doctrine of equality, freedom, and principled distance between religion and the state
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Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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