Development of Physical Education in India after Independence
Karnataka Board · Class 9 · Physical Education
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Key Topics to Revise
Pre-Independence Background and Early Developments
- Before 1857, Lord McCauley's educational policies led to establishment of missionary schools
- Indian traditional games and sports were gradually neglected
- Educational system became westernized, moving away from Indian physical culture
Major Committees and Their Contributions (1948-1970)
- 1948: Tarachand Committee - focused on high school physical education development
- 1948: Dr. Radhakrishnan Commission - addressed college-level physical education
- 1954: Central Advisory Board for Physical Education and Recreation formed
Special Programs and Curriculum Development
- National Discipline Scheme (NDS) introduced by Major General G.K. Bhosle on Nehru's advice
- NDS included drill, marching, folk songs, and minor games
- 1957: Introduction of NCC, ACC, Scouts and Guides caused curriculum confusion
Modern Developments and Policy Changes (1990s-2000s)
- 1992: New National Education Policy confirmed PE as integral part of total education
- 1993: K.P. Singh Dev Committee formed for comprehensive PE reform
- K.P. Singh Dev Committee recommended 40-minute PE periods with trained teachers
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Sources & Official References
- Karnataka SSLC — kseeb.kar.nic.in
- Dept of Pre-University Education, Karnataka
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
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