Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

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Rainfall changes with physiography. Near the equator, rain falls throughout the year, so dense evergreen forests grow there. As one moves away from the equator, rainfall and rainy days decrease, so ve…

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Evergreen forests grow in places where it rains throughout the year. Their trees have broad, green leaves and hardwood. Examples include mahogany, rosewood, and rubber.

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Brazil's evergreen rainforests release large amounts of oxygen and reduce carbon dioxide in the air. That is why they are called the 'lungs of the world'.

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Deciduous trees shed their leaves in the dry season. This helps them reduce water loss through evaporation. Teak, bamboo, banyan, and peepal are examples.

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They grow in regions that receive less than 500 mm of rainfall and have a long dry summer. These plants have small leaves to reduce water loss. Examples include catechu, acacia, khejadi, aloe vera, an…

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Coastal or mangrove vegetation grows in swampy areas, estuaries, lagoons, and coastal regions with saline soil and moist climate. In India, this vegetation is called Sunderbans. Its wood is oily, ligh…

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Brazil has the largest number of vegetation species in the world. Its vegetation includes evergreen, semi-evergreen, and arid types. Trees such as Pau Brasil, rubber, mahogany, rosewood, and many orch…

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Roca is shifting agriculture in Brazil. Forest land is cleared by cutting and burning, and subsistence farming is done on that land for a few years.