Population

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Population means the number of people living in a country or region. It is important because the quality and distribution of people affect economic and social progress.

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Population is an important resource because people provide labour, skills, ideas, and support for development. A large and skilled population can help a country grow if it is healthy and educated.

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India's population is around 121 crores according to Census 2011. India is the second most populous country in the world.

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Brazil has a population of around 19 crores as per Census 2010, and it ranks 5th in the world in population.

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Population density means the number of people living per square kilometre. It helps compare how crowded or sparsely settled different places are.

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India's average population density is 382 persons per sq.km as per 2011 Census. This shows that the population is concentrated in many parts of the country.

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Brazil's population density is around 23 persons per sq.km. This is low because a large part of the country is thinly settled.

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Population in India is unevenly distributed because physiography and climate are not the same everywhere. Fertile plains, plain land, and availability of water attract settlement, while mountains, dry…