Irrigation

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Irrigation is the process of giving extra water to crops other than rainwater. Water from dams, lakes, canals, rivers, and groundwater can be used for this purpose.

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Irrigation helps crops grow in seasons other than the rainy season, supports more than one crop in a year, provides enough water for cash crops, increases yield per hectare, and helps in protected far…

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When crops get enough water at the right time, they grow better and produce more. Proper irrigation also reduces crop stress and helps farmers get better yield from the same land.

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The three main methods are: surface watering using furrow and bed methods, sprinkler irrigation, and drip irrigation.

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Surface watering means giving water over the land surface. Furrow method and bed method are used in this system.

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Sprinkler irrigation gives water from a certain height through nozzles connected to aluminium or PVC pipes. The water falls like rain and is useful in areas with low water availability.

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Drip irrigation is a modern method in which water is delivered drop by drop near the roots through a network of polythene tubes. It supplies water directly to the crop instead of spreading it over the…

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Drip irrigation sends water directly to the roots, so very little water is wasted by evaporation or runoff. It saves about 30% to 80% water.