Writing Skills: Sub-Titling

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Sub-titling conveys the main idea or theme of each section of a long piece of writing. It helps readers identify the sub-topics at a glance and makes the text easier to follow.

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Suitable sub-titles break the monotony of reading long passages. They also make the structure clearer, so the reader can move from one idea to another without confusion.

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It gives a quick summary of the main idea of the article. It is not one of the four section headings; it acts as an opening statement that signals the central theme.

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The article should be divided into four sections. One sub-heading, Urban Decay, is already given, and three more sub-headings need to be supplied.

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Urban Decay is the given example sub-heading for the first section of the article. It covers the poor condition of Indian cities, especially problems linked to sanitation, waste, and public health.

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The pneumonic plague of 1994 in Surat brought the depths of urban decay in India to global notice. It exposed the failure of post-Independence development policies and showed how neglected public heal…

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Post-liberalisation urban policies have neglected poverty, sanitation, water shortages, affordable housing, and public transport. This has weakened the quality of life in cities and towns.

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Nearly 14 million Indian households, forming 26 per cent of the total in urban areas, do not have a latrine within the house. Some 14 per cent have only rudimentary pit facilities.