Integrals — Revision Notes
Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 12 · Mathematics
Integrals revision notes for Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Mathematics: 4 topics in quick points. Includes Core Ideas and Basic Meaning, Standard.
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Key Topics to Revise
1. Core Ideas and Basic Meaning
- Differentiation and integration are inverse processes of each other.
- The two forms of integrals are indefinite and definite integrals, and together they constitute Integral Calculus.
- An anti derivative of a function f is a function F such that F'(x)=f(x).
2. Standard Integrals and Formula Sheet
- The power rule for integration excludes n = -1.
- Many standard integrals are derived by reversing known derivatives.
- Both \int dx/\sqrt{1-x^2}=\sin^{-1}x+C and \int dx/\sqrt{1-x^2}=-\cos^{-1}x+C are valid.
3. Properties of Indefinite Integrals
- The integral of a sum is the sum of the integrals.
- A constant multiple can be taken outside the integral.
- These properties help split complicated expressions into simpler parts.
4. Methods of Integration
- Methods for finding integrals are three main techniques: integration by substitution, integration using partial fractions, and integration by parts.
- Substitution is useful when the derivative of one part also appears in the integrand.
- Partial fractions are used for rational functions after checking whether the fraction is proper or improper.
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