Definite Integrals
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Mathematics
All formulas from Definite Integrals in Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Mathematics. Key equations, constants, and identities for board exam preparation.
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Formulas
Key Formulas
∫ₐᵇ f(x) dx = F(b) − F(a)
∫ₐᵇ f(x) dx = −∫ᵇₐ f(x) dx
∫ₐᵇ f(x) dx = ∫ₐᶜ f(x) dx + ∫ᶜᵇ f(x) dx
∫₀ᵃ f(x) dx = ∫₀ᵃ f(a−x) dx
∫₀²ᵃ f(x) dx = ∫₀ᵃ f(x) dx + ∫₀ᵃ f(2a−x) dx
Reduction Formulas
∫₀^{π/2} sinⁿx dx = (n−1)/n × (n−3)/(n−2) × ⋯ × π/2 (n even)
∫₀^{π/2} sinⁿx dx = (n−1)/n × (n−3)/(n−2) × ⋯ × 2/3 (n odd)
∫₀^{π/2} sinᵐx cosⁿx dx = [(n−1)/(m+n)] × [(n−3)/(m+n−2)] × ⋯
Applications: Area Under Curve
Area = ∫ₐᵇ f(x) dx
Area = ∫ₐᵇ |f(x)| dx
Area between curves = ∫ₐᵇ [f(x) − g(x)] dx
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