Work, Energy and Power
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Physics
Quick revision notes for Work, Energy and Power — Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Physics. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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Key Topics to Revise
Work and Its Calculation
- Work is done when a force causes displacement in the direction of the force.
- Work is a scalar quantity measured in joules (J).
- Work done by a constant force is given by the dot product: W = F·S = FS cosθ.
Work Done by Variable Force and Springs
- For variable forces, work is calculated using integration: W = ∫F(x)dx.
- Graphically, work is the area under the force-displacement curve.
- Spring force follows Hooke’s Law: F = -kx (restoring force).
Kinetic Energy and Work-Energy Theorem
- Kinetic energy (KE) is the energy of motion: KE = ½mv².
- Work-Energy Theorem: Net work done on an object equals its change in kinetic energy: W_net = ΔKE.
- This theorem connects force and motion through energy, without needing time or acceleration details.
Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy
- Potential energy is stored energy due to position or configuration.
- Gravitational potential energy: PE = mgh (near Earth's surface).
- Elastic potential energy: PE = ½kx² (in springs).
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