Basics of Communication — Revision Notes
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Physics
Basics of Communication revision notes for Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Physics: 4 topics in quick points.
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Key Topics to Revise
Components of a Communication System
- A communication system consists of three main parts: transmitter, communication channel, and receiver.
- The transmitter converts the message signal into a form suitable for transmission.
- The communication channel is the medium through which the signal travels (e.g., air, optical fiber).
Types of Signals
- Signals can be analog or digital.
- Analog signals vary continuously with time (e.g., voice).
- Digital signals have discrete values, usually 0 and 1 (binary).
Modulation and Demodulation
- Low-frequency signals cannot be transmitted over long distances due to large antenna size and high attenuation.
- Modulation solves this by superimposing the information signal on a high-frequency carrier wave.
- Main types: Amplitude Modulation (AM) and Frequency Modulation (FM).
Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves
- EM waves propagate through space and are used as carriers in wireless communication.
- Different frequency bands have different propagation characteristics.
- Main modes: ground wave, sky wave, space wave, and satellite communication.
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