Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Political Science — Chapter Summary

Political Science is the study of political institutions such as the State, Government, and Political Parties. As a social science, it explores how individuals, societies, and states interact politically. Man is a social being, and political life is shaped by institutions, ideas, and power. This cha

The concept of the State is central to Political Science. From birth to death, every individual's life is connected with the State. It is the supreme political institution that exercises authority over a defined territory and population. The State maintains law and order, ensures security, and regul

Sovereignty is a fundamental concept in political science that refers to the supreme and independent authority of a state over its territory and population. It is what distinguishes a state from other associations. A state has four elements: population, territory, government, and sovereignty. While