Vegetable Farm (Addition and Subtraction up to 20)

Given: Rumi's basket has 7 tomatoes. Shami's basket has 5 tomatoes.

Concept: Addition means putting together.

Working: Start at 7, count 5 more: 8, 9, 10, 11, 12.

$$7 + 5 = 12$$

Answer: They have 12 tomatoes altogether.

Given: One basket has 9 carrots. Another basket has 4 carrots.

Concept: Addition – putting two groups together.

Working: Start at 9, count 4 more: 10, 11, 12, 13.

$$9 + 4 = 13$$

Answer: There are 13 carrots in all.

Given: One basket has 8 radishes. Another basket has 8 radishes.

Concept: Addition of equal groups.

Working: Start at 8, count 8 more: 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16.

$$8 + 8 = 16$$

Answer: There are 16 radishes in all.

Given: $8 + 5$

Working: Start at 8 on the number line, hop 5 steps forward: 9, 10, 11, 12, 13.

$$8 + 5 = \boxed{13}$$

Given: $13 + 3$

Working: Start at 13 on the number line, hop 3 steps forward: 14, 15, 16.

$$13 + 3 = \boxed{16}$$

Given: $2 + 16$

Working: Start at 2 on the number line, hop 16 steps forward: 3, 4, 5, … 18.

Or start at 16, hop 2 more: 17, 18.

$$2 + 16 = \boxed{18}$$

Given: $4 + 12$

Working: Start at 12 (bigger number), hop 4 steps forward: 13, 14, 15, 16.

$$4 + 12 = \boxed{16}$$

Given: $5 + ? = 8$

Working: We need to find how many steps to hop from 5 to reach 8.

Count forward from 5: 6, 7, 8 → that is 3 steps.

$$5 + \boxed{3} = 8$$

Given: Two numbers whose sum is 13.

Working: Many answers are possible. One example:

Start at 7, hop 6 steps: 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13.

$$7 + 6 = 13$$

Answer: $\boxed{7} + \boxed{6} = 13$ (Other correct pairs: $9+4$, $8+5$, $10+3$, etc.)

Given: Two numbers whose sum is 10.

Working: One example:

$$6 + 4 = 10$$

Answer: $\boxed{6} + \boxed{4} = 10$ (Other correct pairs: $5+5$, $7+3$, $8+2$, $9+1$, etc.)

Given: Two numbers whose sum is 18.

Working: One example:

$$9 + 9 = 18$$

Answer: $\boxed{9} + \boxed{9} = 18$ (Other correct pairs: $10+8$, $12+6$, $15+3$, etc.)

Given: Sapna has 12 pencils. Gauri has 6 pencils.

Concept: Addition – finding the total.

Method 1 (Counting on): Start at 12, count 6 more: 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18.

Method 2 (Breaking numbers):
$$12 + 6 = 10 + 2 + 6 = 10 + 8 = 18$$

$$12 + 6 = \boxed{18}$$

Answer: They have 18 pencils in all.

Given: Aman has 8 laddoos. Charanjeet has 6 laddoos.

Concept: Addition – finding the total.

Method 1 (Counting on): Start at 8, count 6 more: 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14.

Method 2 (Breaking numbers):
$$8 + 6 = 8 + 2 + 4 = 10 + 4 = 14$$

$$8 + 6 = \boxed{14}$$

Answer: There are 14 laddoos in all.

Given: Sheena has 12 bangles. She got 6 more.

Concept: Addition – finding the new total.

Method 1 (Counting on): Start at 12, count 6 more: 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18.

Method 2 (Breaking numbers):
$$12 + 6 = 10 + 2 + 6 = 10 + 8 = 18$$

$$12 + 6 = \boxed{18}$$

Answer: Sheena has 18 bangles now.

Given: $15 - 9$

Working: Start at 15 on the number line, hop 9 steps back: 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6.

$$15 - 9 = \boxed{6}$$

Note: The figures for problems A–H are not visible in the OCR. These are subtraction problems up to 20 based on pictures.

General method for any subtraction $a - b$:

Step 1: Start at $a$ on the number line.
Step 2: Hop $b$ steps backward.
Step 3: The number you land on is the answer.

Example: $14 - 6$: Start at 14, hop 6 back → land on 8.
$$14 - 6 = \boxed{8}$$

Students should apply the same hopping-back strategy to the picture-based problems A through H in their textbook.

Given: Start at 6, jump 2 steps forward.

Working: $6 + 2 = 8$

Answer: Anjali reaches 8.

Given: Start at 15, jump 7 steps backward.

Working: $15 - 7 = 8$

Answer: Renu also reaches 8.

Conclusion: Both Anjali and Renu reach the same place — 8. This shows that $6 + 2 = 15 - 7 = 8$.

Given:
- Diyas the potter had = 9
- Diyas sold = 5
- Diyas made again = 7

Step 1: Diyas left after selling:
$$9 - 5 = 4$$

Step 2: Diyas after making 7 more:
$$4 + 7 = 11$$

Answer: The potter has $\boxed{11}$ diyas now.

Given:
- Children at first stop = 6
- Children who board at second stop = 8
- Children who get down at third stop = 7

Step 1: Children in bus after second stop:
$$6 + 8 = 14$$

Step 2: Children in bus after third stop:
$$14 - 7 = 7$$

Answer: There are $\boxed{7}$ children in the bus at the third stop.

Given:
- Total seats in bus = 18
- Children already sitting = 9

Concept: Subtraction – finding how many more can fit.

Working:
$$18 - 9 = 9$$

Answer: $\boxed{9}$ more children can sit inside the bus.

Given:
- Toffees Kuljeet had = 14
- Toffees left = 6

Concept: Subtraction – finding how many were given away.

Working:
$$14 - 6 = 8$$

Answer: Kuljeet shared $\boxed{8}$ toffees with her friends.

Given:
- Bananas Raman had = 12
- Bananas left = 5

Concept: Subtraction – finding how many were eaten.

Working:
$$12 - 5 = 7$$

Answer: Raman ate $\boxed{7}$ bananas.