Cellular Processes — Formula Sheet
CBSE · Class 11 · Biotechnology
5 formulas from Cellular Processes (CBSE Class 11 Biotechnology) on one page, grouped by topic. Part of the CBSE Class 11 Biotechnology syllabus.
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Formulas and Key Relations
2. Metabolic Pathways and Glycolysis
Glycolysis net reaction: Glucose + 2ATP + 2NAD+ + 4ADP + 4Pi -> 2Pyruvate + 2ADP + 2NADH + 2H+ + 4ATP + 2H2O
Homolactic fermentation (anaerobic glycolysis in muscle): Glucose + 2ADP + 2Pi -> 2Lactate + 2ATP + 2H2O + 2H+
3. Citric Acid Cycle and Electron Transport Chain
Overall TCA cycle reaction: Acetyl CoA + 3NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi + 2H2O -> 2CO2 + 3NADH + 3H+ + FADH2 + GTP + CoA
4. Photosynthesis: Light Reactions, Calvin Cycle, and C4 Pathway
Photosynthesis overall reaction: 6CO2 + 12H2O --light/Chlorophyll--> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
Water splitting reaction (oxygen evolving complex): 2H2O --O2 evolving complex--> 4H+ + 4e- + O2
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Sources & Official References
- NCERT Official — ncert.nic.in
- CBSE Academic — cbseacademic.nic.in
- CBSE Official — cbse.gov.in
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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