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Syllabus

Introduction to Three Dimensional Geometry — Syllabus

CBSE · Class 11 · Mathematics

What Introduction to Three Dimensional Geometry covers in CBSE Class 11 Mathematics: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session.

162 questions48 flashcards2 formulas & key relations5 concepts

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4 Topics · CBSE Class 11 Mathematics · 2026-27

Topics in Introduction to Three Dimensional Geometry

1

1. Coordinate Axes, Coordinate Planes, and Octants

  • Three mutually perpendicular lines intersect at the origin O and are called the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis.
  • The three coordinate planes are XY-plane, YZ-plane, and ZX-plane.
  • The XY-plane is taken as the plane of the paper and the z-axis is perpendicular to it.
2

2. Coordinates of a Point in Space

  • A point P in space is written as P(x,y,z).
  • For point P(x,y,z), x, y, and z are the perpendicular distances from the YZ-plane, ZX-plane, and XY-plane respectively.
  • A point in space corresponds to one ordered triplet (x,y,z).
3

3. Distance Between Two Points in Space

  • The distance formula in three dimensions is an extension of the two-dimensional distance formula.
  • For points P(x1,y1,z1) and Q(x2,y2,z2), the distance is found using the square root of the sum of squares of the differences of corresponding coordinates.
  • The derivation uses two right triangles and the Pythagorean theorem twice.
4

4. Worked Examples and Important Results

  • Example 2 type questions ask for the octant from the signs of coordinates.
  • (-3,1,2) lies in the second octant.
  • (-3,1,-2) lies in octant VI.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Three dimensional coordinate geometry describes the position of points in space using three coordinates with respect to three mutually perpendicular coordinate planes and axes.

Coordinate system in spacex-axis, y-axis, z-axisXY-plane, YZ-plane, ZX-planeOriginOctantsCoordinates of a point in spaceSpecial positions of pointsDistance between two points in space

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Introduction to Three Dimensional Geometry for CBSE Class 11 Mathematics?
Key topics in Introduction to Three Dimensional Geometry include Coordinate Axes, Coordinate Planes, and Octants, Coordinates of a Point in Space, Distance Between Two Points in Space, Worked Examples and Important Results. Study these first, then practise questions on each for Class 11 exams.
How should I revise Introduction to Three Dimensional Geometry for Class 11 exams?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 162 practice questions on Introduction to Three Dimensional Geometry. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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