CBSE Class 8 Social Science — Chapter Summary

Natural resources are materials and substances found in nature that are valuable to humans. Nature becomes a resource only when it is technologically accessible, economically feasible to exploit, and culturally acceptable. Natural resources can be grouped by use into resources essential for life, re

The period from the 11th to the 17th centuries saw major political change in India. Foreign invasions, the rise and fall of dynasties, and strong regional kingdoms reshaped the subcontinent. The Delhi Sultanate rose after the defeat of Prithviraj Chauhan in 1192, but its rule was marked by instabili

The Marathas rose from the Deccan plateau and became a powerful force in Indian history. Their rise began with Chhatrapati Shivaji, who built a kingdom based on forts, mobility, strong administration, navy, and the idea of Swarajya. After him, the Marathas expanded further under later leaders, chall