Chapter 8 of 11
Syllabus
Agriculture Sector — Syllabus
Gujarat Board · Class 12 · Economics
What Agriculture Sector covers in Gujarat Board Class 12 Economics: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Topics include 1 Agriculture as Backbone.
44 questions24 flashcards5 concepts
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4 Topics · Gujarat Board Class 12 Economics · 2026-27
Topics in Agriculture Sector
1
8.1 Agriculture as Backbone of Economy
- India has been an agricultural nation since ancient times with 68.8% population living in rural areas (2011 census)
- Agricultural failure leads to industrial sector failure due to lack of raw materials and reduced demand
- Rural areas with 69% population provide major market for industrial products
2
8.2 Present Situation and Importance
- Contribution to National Income: Declined from 53.1% (1950-51) to 13.9% (2011-12)
- Employment: Reduced from 72% at independence to 49% in 2014-15
- Export Income: Decreased from 70% at independence to 14.2% in 2013-14
3
8.3 Causes of Low Productivity
- Institutional Factors: Zamindari/Mahalwari/Ryotwari systems, inadequate credit, poor marketing, rigid social structure
- Technological Factors: Use of traditional methods, old equipment, low use of modern inputs
- Population Pressure: High dependency ratio on agriculture for employment
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8.4 Measures to Increase Productivity
- Institutional Measures: Land reforms, institutional credit (NABARD-1982, RRBs-1975), regulated markets, AGMARK
- Technological Measures: Improved seeds, chemical fertilizers, irrigation expansion, modern machinery, pesticides, soil testing
- Other Measures: Farmer education, agricultural fairs, allied activities, rural industrialization
Key Concepts
Agriculture is called the backboneAgriculture's contribution to national income hasThese include land revenue systems (ZamindariIndian agriculture still uses traditional methodsStarted in 1966
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What are the important topics in Agriculture Sector for Gujarat Board Class 12 Economics?
Key topics in Agriculture Sector include 1 Agriculture as Backbone of Economy, 2 Present Situation and Importance, 3 Causes of Low Productivity, 4 Measures to Increase Productivity. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the Gujarat Board Class 12 board exam.
How should I revise Agriculture Sector for the Gujarat Board Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 44 practice questions on Agriculture Sector. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.
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Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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