Agriculture Sector — Flashcards
Gujarat Board · Class 12 · Economics
24 flashcards for Agriculture Sector (Gujarat Board Class 12 Economics) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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Why is agriculture called the 'backbone of the Indian economy'?
Answer
Agriculture is called the backbone because: 1) 68.8% population lives in rural areas dependent on agriculture 2) If agriculture fails, industries don't get raw materials 3) Rural demand for industrial…
What was the contribution of agriculture sector to national income in 1950-51 and 2011-12?
Answer
1950-51: 53.1% of national income. 2011-12: 13.9% of national income. This decline is due to greater emphasis on industrialization since 1956 and faster growth of non-agricultural sectors.
How has employment in agriculture sector changed from independence to 2014-15?
Answer
At independence: 72% population engaged in agriculture. 2001-02: 58% employed in agriculture. 2014-15: 49% employed in agriculture. The decline is due to faster development of industries and service s…
What are the three land revenue collection systems introduced by the British?
Answer
1) Zamindari System 2) Mahalwari System 3) Ryotwari System. Under these systems, landlords took most of the crop as rent, leaving farmers with only subsistence level income, reducing their interest in…
Define Green Revolution and when did it start in India?
Answer
Green Revolution is the fast technological growth in agriculture using modern inputs like hybrid seeds, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and machines. Started as pilot project in 1960-61 in 7 distric…
What are the main institutional factors causing low agricultural productivity?
Answer
1) Land Revenue Collection Systems (Zamindari, Mahalwari, Ryotwari) 2) Inadequate Agriculture Finance from institutional sources 3) Poor Agriculture Marketing structure 4) Traditional Rural Social Str…
When was NABARD established and what is its full form?
Answer
NABARD was established in 1982. Full form: National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development. It is a specialized institution under RBI focusing on agricultural credit and rural development, also kn…
What is the difference between food grains and cash crops? Give examples.
Answer
Food grains: Crops grown for food consumption. Examples - wheat, rice, coarse grains (millet, sorghum, maize), pulses. Cash crops: Crops used as raw materials in industries. Examples - cotton, jute, g…
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