Matter in our Surroundings

Smell of incense stick spreading in a room, Ink drop spreading in water, Diffusion of potassium permanganate in water, Steam rising from hot water

All these examples show diffusion - the mixing of particles on their own. This happens because particles are continuously moving. The book lying on a table does not demonstrate particle motion as it appears stationary at the macro level.

Fixed volume, Can flow, Take shape of container

Liquids have a fixed volume but no fixed shape. They take the shape of their container and can flow. Unlike gases, liquids are not highly compressible, and unlike solids, they don't have a fixed shape.

100°C

Pure water boils at 100°C (or 373 K) at normal atmospheric pressure. This is the temperature at which liquid water changes to water vapor (steam).

Surface area, Temperature, Wind speed, Humidity

Evaporation rate increases with larger surface area, higher temperature, higher wind speed, and lower humidity. The color of the container does not directly affect evaporation rate.