National Movement in India
Gujarat Board · Class 9 · Social Science
Quick revision notes for National Movement in India — Gujarat Board Class 9 Social Science. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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The Great National Uprising of 1857
- First major uprising against British rule, also called the First War of Independence
- Caused by political dissatisfaction, economic exploitation, social-religious interference, and military grievances
- Immediate cause: Introduction of Enfield rifle with cartridges greased with cow and pig fat
Boycott and Swadeshi Movement (1905)
- Triggered by the Partition of Bengal by Lord Curzon in 1905
- Bengal was divided into East Bengal (Muslim majority) and West Bengal (Hindu majority)
- October 16, 1905 observed as 'National Mourning Day' across Bengal
Formation of Muslim League (1906)
- Established in 1906 as part of British 'divide and rule' policy
- Key figures: Aga Khan, Nawab Salimullah Khan, supported by Viceroy Minto
- Aimed to create separate electorates for Muslims
Revolutionary Movement
- Started by Vasudev Balvant Phadke as first revolutionary
- Famous revolutionaries: Chaphekar brothers, Khudiram Bose, Bhagat Singh, Chandrashekhar Azad, Ashfaqullah Khan
- Lal-Bal-Pal (Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal) provided radical leadership
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