Roman Numerals

XLIV

Step 1: Break 44 into 40 + 4. Step 2: 40 = XL (subtract: 50 - 10 = 40). Step 3: 4 = IV (subtract: 5 - 1 = 4). Step 4: Combine: XL + IV = XLIV. Step 5: XXXXIV is wrong (X repeated 4 times is not allowed). XLVI = 40 + 6 = 46, not 44. XLIIII repeats I four times which is not allowed. XLIV is correct.

IX, which represents 9

Step 1: We need the Roman numeral between VIII (8) and X (10), which is 9. Step 2: 9 = IX using the subtraction rule: 10 - 1 = 9. Step 3: VIIII is wrong because I cannot be repeated 4 times. Step 4: IX represents 9, not 11. Step 5: IIX is not a valid Roman numeral. So IX representing 9 is correct.

39

Step 1: Break XXXIX into parts: XXX + IX. Step 2: XXX = 10 + 10 + 10 = 30. Step 3: IX = 10 - 1 = 9 (subtraction rule: I before X). Step 4: Add: 30 + 9 = 39. Step 5: A common mistake is adding I to XXX and then adding X, getting 41. Always identify subtraction pairs first before adding.

45

Step 1: We need to find the value of XLV. Break it into XL + V. Step 2: XL = 50 - 10 = 40 (X is to the left of L, use subtraction rule). Step 3: V = 5. Step 4: Add: 40 + 5 = 45. Step 5: 55 would be LV, and 35 would be XXXV. XLV correctly equals 45.