Matter and Its Composition

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Matter is anything that has mass, occupies space, and can be perceived by our senses. Air is also matter because it can be felt and it occupies space.

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Mass is the quantity of matter a body contains. Volume is the space occupied by a body.

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When marbles are added to water, the water level rises because the marbles occupy space. When the glass is weighed again, the mass increases because marbles have mass. This proves that matter has mass…

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A tumbler filled with water tilts the balance more than an empty tumbler. This shows that water has mass.

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When air is blown into balloons, they inflate because air occupies space. If one inflated balloon is punctured, the balance tilts because the air had mass.

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The air already inside the bottle occupies the space, so there is no space left for the balloon to expand. This proves that air occupies space even though it is invisible.

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An atom is the smallest possible unit of matter that exhibits all the properties of that matter. An atom does not have independent existence.

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A molecule is the smallest unit of matter which exhibits all the properties of that kind of matter and also has an independent existence. Molecules are bigger than atoms.