Relative Clauses — Flashcards

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A relative clause is also called an adjective clause. It is a subordinate clause that modifies a noun or pronoun and gives extra information about it.

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Relative clauses are introduced by relative pronouns such as who, which, that, whose, whom, and by relative adverbs such as when and where.

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Who is a relative pronoun used for people, not things. It is used in place of he, she, or they. Example: The boy who stood first in the class is my cousin.

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Which is a relative pronoun used for things, not people. It can often be replaced by that in defining clauses. Example: The syringe which has been used once should be immediately disposed of.

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That can normally replace both who and which. It is used for people and things in defining clauses. Example: The boy that stood first in the class is my cousin.

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That is compulsory after superlative adjectives, after words like all, any, anything, none, and nothing, and when a clause refers to both a person and a thing together. Examples: Dr Mehta was one of t…

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What means the thing or things that. It is not a relative pronoun. It introduces a noun clause, not a relative clause. Example: I'm sorry for what happened.

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What happened is a noun clause because it does not modify a noun or pronoun. It acts as the object of the preposition for. In contrast, that happened in I'm sorry for all that happened is a relative c…