Biology and Technology — Flashcards
Kerala Board · Class 10 · Biology
22 flashcards for Biology and Technology (Kerala Board Class 10 Biology) to test yourself on key terms and facts. Sample: "What is biotechnology?"
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What is biotechnology?
Answer
Biotechnology is the technology of using living things or their parts to provide products and services that are useful to humans. The discovery of DNA structure has accelerated its growth. Examples in…
Define genetic engineering and its main purpose.
Answer
Genetic engineering is the technology for creating desired traits in organisms by combining or deleting genes. Its main purpose is to alter the genetic constitution of organisms to produce beneficial …
What are the four key components of recombinant DNA technology?
Answer
1. Restriction Endonuclease Enzyme (genetic scissors) - cuts specific genes 2. Ligase enzyme (genetic glue) - joins two DNA segments 3. Vector - carries the genes (plasmids or viruses) 4. Host cell - …
Describe the process of recombinant DNA technology in 5 steps.
Answer
1. Cut the desirable gene from source DNA using restriction enzyme 2. Cut the plasmid vector and remove specific part 3. Ligate the cut gene to the plasmid using ligase enzyme 4. Insert the recombinan…
What is CRISPR technology and how does it work?
Answer
CRISPR is a modern gene editing technology with great precision. It uses: - Guide RNA (gRNA) to identify target DNA segment - Cas9 enzyme as molecular scissors to cut DNA - Process: 1) gRNA identifies…
What are Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)? Give examples.
Answer
GMOs are organisms whose genetic constitution has been altered through genetic engineering. Examples: - Plants: Bt Cotton (pest resistant), Golden rice (nutrient enriched) - Animals: Salmon fish (fast…
What was the Human Genome Project (HGP) and what did it discover?
Answer
HGP (1990-2003) was a global initiative to completely understand human genome information. Key discoveries: - Exact sequence of 300 crore base pairs in human genome - Humans have 20,000-25,000 genes -…
Explain gene therapy and distinguish between somatic and germline gene therapy.
Answer
Gene therapy treats diseases by replacing defective genes with functional ones. Somatic gene therapy: affects only body cells (muscles, liver, blood), changes not inherited Germline gene therapy: affe…
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Sources & Official References
- Kerala Board of Public Examinations — keralapareekshabhavan.in
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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