Chapter 6 of 16
Revision Notes
Biomolecules — Revision Notes
Maharashtra Board · Class 11 · Biology
Biomolecules revision notes for Maharashtra Board Class 11 Biology: 4 topics in quick points. Includes Carbohydrates, Lipids and Proteins.
45 questions26 flashcards5 concepts
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Key Topics to Revise
1
Carbohydrates
- Carbohydrates are 'hydrates of carbon' with general formula Cx(H2O)y containing C, H, O in 1:2:1 ratio
- Classification: Monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, galactose), Disaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), Polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen)
- Monosaccharides are building blocks - cannot be hydrolyzed further, have free aldehyde/ketone groups making them reducing sugars
2
Lipids
- Lipids contain C, H, O with H:O ratio greater than 2:1, insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents
- Fatty acids are hydrocarbon chains ending in carboxyl group (-COOH)
- Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds (palmitic, stearic acids), unsaturated have one or more double bonds (oleic, linoleic acids)
3
Proteins
- Proteins are polymers of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, containing C, H, O, N and sometimes S
- 20 naturally occurring amino acids serve as building blocks
- Primary structure: Linear sequence of amino acids
4
Nucleic Acids
- Nucleic acids are polynucleotides composed of nucleotides (sugar + phosphate + nitrogenous base)
- Two types: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid)
- Nitrogenous bases: Purines (Adenine, Guanine - double ring), Pyrimidines (Cytosine, Thymine in DNA/Uracil in RNA - single ring)
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Full NotesKey Concepts
Organic compounds with the general formulaWaterLarge molecules made of amino acidsPolynucleotides composed of nucleotides (sugar +Biological catalysts that are primarily proteins
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the important topics in Biomolecules for Maharashtra Board Class 11 Biology?
Key topics in Biomolecules include Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids. Study these first, then practise questions on each for Class 11 exams.
How should I revise Biomolecules for Class 11 exams?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 45 practice questions on Biomolecules. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.
Sources & Official References
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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