Acids, Bases and Salts — Flashcards
Maharashtra Board · Class 9 · Science
22 flashcards for Acids, Bases and Salts (Maharashtra Board Class 9 Science) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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What is the Arrhenius definition of an acid?
Answer
According to Arrhenius theory (1887), an acid is a substance which on dissolving in water gives rise to H+ ion as the only cation. Examples: HCl, H₂SO₄, HNO₃…
What is the Arrhenius definition of a base?
Answer
According to Arrhenius theory, a base is a substance which on dissolving in water gives rise to OH- ion as the only anion. Examples: NaOH, Ca(OH)₂, KOH…
What is the difference between strong and weak acids?
Answer
Strong acids dissociate almost completely in water (HCl, H₂SO₄, HNO₃). Weak acids do not dissociate completely and contain mostly undissociated molecules (CH₃COOH, CO₂).
What is basicity of an acid? Give examples.
Answer
Basicity is the number of H+ ions obtainable from one molecule of acid. Monobasic: HCl (1 H+), Dibasic: H₂SO₄ (2 H+), Tribasic: H₃PO₄ (3 H+)…
What is acidity of a base? Give examples.
Answer
Acidity is the number of OH- ions obtainable from one molecule of base. Monoacidic: NaOH (1 OH-), Diacidic: Ca(OH)₂ (2 OH-), Triacidic: Al(OH)₃ (3 OH-)…
What is pH and what does it measure?
Answer
pH (power of hydrogen) is a scale from 0 to 14 that measures H+ ion concentration. pH 7 = neutral, pH < 7 = acidic, pH > 7 = basic. Introduced by Sorensen in 1909.
What is a universal indicator?
Answer
A universal indicator is made by mixing several synthetic indicators in specific proportions. It shows different colors at different pH values (0-14), helping to determine the exact pH of solutions.
Write the general equation for neutralization reaction.
Answer
Acid + Base → Salt + Water. Example: HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O. The net ionic equation is: H+ + OH- → H₂O…
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