Carbon : An important element — Flashcards
Maharashtra Board · Class 9 · Science
22 flashcards for Carbon : An important element (Maharashtra Board Class 9 Science) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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What are the basic properties of carbon as an element?
Answer
Symbol: C, Atomic number: 6, Atomic mass: 12, Electron configuration: 2,4, Valency: 4, Non-metallic element. Carbon forms four covalent bonds due to its electron configuration.
What is allotropy? Give an example.
Answer
Allotropy is the property where some elements occur in nature in more than one form. These forms have the same chemical properties but different physical properties. Example: Carbon exists as diamond,…
Compare the structure and properties of diamond and graphite.
Answer
Diamond: 3D tetrahedral structure, hardest natural substance, bad conductor of electricity, density 3.5 g/cm³. Graphite: Layered hexagonal structure, soft and slippery, good conductor of electricity, …
Why is graphite a good conductor of electricity while diamond is not?
Answer
In graphite, each carbon atom is bonded to only 3 other carbon atoms, leaving free electrons that can move within the layers, making it conductive. In diamond, all 4 electrons of each carbon are invol…
What is fullerene and who discovered it?
Answer
Fullerene is an allotrope of carbon with molecules in the form of buckyballs and buckytubes. The first example is C₆₀ (Buckminsterfullerene). It was discovered by Harold Kroto, Robert Curl, and Richar…
List the main uses of diamond.
Answer
1. Glass cutting and rock drilling machines 2. Ornaments and jewelry 3. Diamond knives in eye surgery 4. Diamond dust for polishing other diamonds 5. Radiation-resistant windows in space equipment and…
What are the different types of coal and their carbon content?
Answer
1. Peat: <60% carbon (first stage) 2. Lignite: 60-70% carbon (second stage) 3. Bituminous coal: 70-90% carbon (third stage) 4. Anthracite: ~95% carbon (purest form, hardest)…
What are hydrocarbons? Give examples of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Answer
Hydrocarbons are compounds made only of carbon and hydrogen. Saturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds (e.g., methane CH₄, ethane C₂H₆). Unsaturated hydrocarbons have multiple bonds (e.g., ethene …
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