Life Processes in Living Organisms

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Transportation is the process by which substances synthesized or absorbed in one part of the body reach another part. In plants, it involves movement of water, minerals, and food. In animals, it invol…

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Xylem - conducts water and minerals from roots to other parts of the plant. Phloem - conducts food (mainly sucrose) from leaves to all parts of the plant in both upward and downward directions.

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Root pressure is the pressure created when root cells become turgid after absorbing water and minerals. These turgid cells exert pressure on adjacent cells, pushing water and minerals into the xylem.

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Transpiration is the loss of water vapor through stomata on leaves. As water evaporates from leaf cells, it creates a suction force (transpiration pull) that draws water up through the xylem from root…

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Translocation is the transport of food (mainly sucrose) from leaves to all parts of the plant through phloem. It occurs in both upward and downward directions and requires energy from ATP. Excess food…

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Excretion is the removal of waste or harmful substances from the body. It is necessary because metabolic activities produce toxic waste materials like urea, uric acid, and ammonia. If these accumulate…

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Plants have no special excretory organs. They excrete through: 1) Diffusion of gaseous wastes, 2) Storage of wastes in vacuoles of leaves, flowers, fruits, and bark which later fall off, 3) Storage in…

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The human excretory system consists of: 1) A pair of kidneys, 2) A pair of ureters, 3) Urinary bladder, 4) Urethra. Additionally, skin and lungs also help in excretion.