The Challenges of Cultural Diversity
Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 12 · Sociology
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1. Community Identity and Social Belonging
- Community identity is based on birth and belonging, not on achievement.
- It is an ascriptive identity, meaning it is given at birth.
- Family, kinship, caste, language, religion, and region shape identity.
2. Nation and Nation-State
- A nation is a large community made up of many communities.
- Members of a nation share the desire to be part of the same political collectivity.
- A state refers to political and legal institutions that control a territory and its people.
3. Policies Toward Cultural Diversity
- States often fear cultural diversity because identities can threaten unity.
- Two common strategies are assimilation and integration.
- Assimilation means forcing all groups to adopt the dominant group's culture in public and private life.
4. India as a Diverse Nation-State
- India has about 1.21 billion people according to the 2011 Census.
- India has about 1,632 languages and dialects.
- 22 languages are officially recognised under the 8th Schedule.
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