Operating Systems — Flashcards
NIOS · Class 12 · Computer Science
24 flashcards for Operating Systems (NIOS Class 12 Computer Science) to test yourself on key terms and facts. Sample: "What is an Operating System.
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What is an Operating System and what is its primary role?
Answer
An Operating System (OS) is system software that acts as an intermediary between users and computer hardware. It manages all computer resources and provides a convenient environment for executing prog…
Why is an Operating System essential for a computer to function?
Answer
An OS is essential because: 1. Without it, computers cannot run any software applications 2. It manages communication between software and hardware 3. It controls resource allocation to prevent confli…
Define a Process and explain how it differs from a Program.
Answer
A Process is a program that is currently in execution (running state) on the computer. Key Differences: Program: A set of logical instructions stored on a disk (inactive/static) Process: A program th…
What is CPU time scheduling in process management? Why is it important?
Answer
CPU Time Scheduling is the process of allocating limited CPU time to different processes running simultaneously. How it works: 1. Each process gets a small time slice (fraction of a second) 2. After …
What are the main responsibilities of Memory Management in an OS?
Answer
Memory Management responsibilities include: 1. Tracking Memory Locations: Keep track of which memory addresses are allocated to processes and which are free 2. Memory Allocation: Decide how much RAM…
Explain Input/Output (I/O) Management and its role in operating systems.
Answer
Input/Output (I/O) Management is the OS function that handles communication with all input and output devices. I/O Devices include: Input: Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Microphone, Touchscreen Output: Mo…
What is file and disk management? Why does the OS need to fragment large files?
Answer
File and Disk Management is the OS function that organizes and manages data storage on secondary storage devices. What OS manages: 1. Files: Collections of data or programs stored on disk 2. Folders/…
What is a User Interface (UI) and list the two main types of user interfaces.
Answer
User Interface (UI) is the part of an operating system that allows users to interact with the computer by inputting commands and receiving output/results. Two Main Types: 1. Command Line Interface (…
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