Data Communication and Networking
NIOS · Class 12 · Computer Science
Flashcards for Data Communication and Networking — NIOS Class 12 Computer Science. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
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See them allWhat are the three basic elements of a data communication system?
Answer
The three basic elements are: 1. Transmitter - converts information into suitable form for transmission 2. Channel - the physical medium (cable, wireless, optical fiber) used to send information 3. Re…
Explain the difference between simplex, half-duplex, and full-duplex transmission modes with real-world examples.
Answer
SIMPLEX (One-way only): - Data flows in only one direction - Receiver cannot respond - Example: Television broadcast, radio HALF-DUPLEX (Two-way, but not simultaneous): - Data can flow both direction…
Why is digital transmission preferred over analog transmission in modern computer networks?
Answer
Digital transmission advantages over analog: 1. CLARITY: Uses discrete states (0s and 1s) - less susceptible to noise and interference 2. EFFICIENCY: Data is represented as simple binary signals 3. A…
What is bandwidth and how does it affect data transmission? Explain the three classes of bandwidth.
Answer
BANDWIDTH: The range of frequencies that make up a signal, determining how much data can be transmitted. THREE CLASSES OF BANDWIDTH: 1. NARROWBAND (≤ 64 Kbps) - Also called DS-0 channel - Sufficient…
A school wants to set up internet for 500 students. If narrowband can handle 64 Kbps and each student needs 2 Mbps during peak hours, calculate minimum bandwidth required and suggest suitable transmis
Answer
CALCULATION: Bandwidth needed = 500 students × 2 Mbps = 1000 Mbps = 1 Gbps Narrowband capacity = 64 Kbps = 0.064 Mbps Narrowband connections needed = 1000 ÷ 0.064 = 15,625 connections (not practical!
Compare twisted pair, coaxial cable, and optical fiber cables in terms of speed, distance, cost, and security.
Answer
TRANSMISSION MEDIA COMPARISON: TWISTED PAIR: - Speed: Slow (≤ 100 Mbps) - Distance: Short (< 100 meters) - Cost: Cheapest - Security: Vulnerable to interference - Use: Local phone lines, LAN COAXIAL…
What is the purpose of a modem and how does it enable computer communication over telephone lines?
Answer
MODEM PURPOSE: Modem = Modulator-Demodulator Enables digital computers to communicate over analog telephone lines. TWO-WAY CONVERSION PROCESS: 1. MODULATION (Digital → Analog): - Computer sends d…
What is RJ45 connector and why is it important for Ethernet networking?
Answer
RJ45 CONNECTOR: DEFINITION: RJ45 = Registered Jack 45 A standardized connector used for Ethernet networking Looks like a slightly wider version of a telephone jack PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS: - 8 pin …
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