Reproductive Health — Flashcards
Punjab Board · Class 12 · Biology
22 flashcards for Reproductive Health (Punjab Board Class 12 Biology) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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What is reproductive health according to the World Health Organisation (WHO)?
Answer
Reproductive health refers to a total well-being in all aspects of reproduction—physical, emotional, behavioural, and social. It means having physically and functionally normal reproductive organs wit…
What is the Reproductive and Child Health Care (RCH) programme, and what are its main objectives?
Answer
The RCH programme is India's comprehensive national initiative launched to achieve total reproductive health as a social goal. Its main objectives include: (1) Creating awareness about reproduction-re…
Why was India forced to take serious measures to control population growth?
Answer
India's population grew explosively due to improved health facilities and better living conditions. The population increased from 350 million at independence to over 1.2 billion by 2011. The populatio…
What are the characteristics of an ideal contraceptive method?
Answer
An ideal contraceptive method should have the following characteristics: (1) User-friendly and easy to use; (2) Easily available and affordable; (3) Highly effective in preventing pregnancy; (4) Rever…
Explain how periodic abstinence works as a natural contraceptive method.
Answer
Periodic abstinence is a natural family planning method that works on the principle of avoiding the meeting of ovum and sperm. Couples abstain from sexual intercourse during the fertile period—specifi…
What is the lactational amenorrhea method of contraception, and what are its limitations?
Answer
The lactational amenorrhea method is based on the biological fact that ovulation and menstrual cycles do not occur during intense lactation (breast-feeding) following childbirth. During exclusive brea…
How do condoms work as barrier contraceptives, and what are their additional benefits?
Answer
Condoms are thin rubber or latex sheaths that create a physical barrier preventing ovum and sperm from meeting. For males, the condom covers the penis before coitus, preventing ejaculated semen from e…
What are the different types of IUDs (Intra Uterine Devices), and how do they prevent pregnancy?
Answer
IUDs are devices inserted into the uterus through the vagina by medical professionals. There are three types: (1) Non-medicated IUDs (e.g., Lippes loop) - increase phagocytosis of sperm; (2) Copper-re…
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