Continents and Oceans

Pacific Plate, Eurasian Plate, African Plate

There are seven major plates: North American, South American, Pacific, Eurasian, African, Indo-Australian, and Antarctic plates. Nazca and Cocos are minor plates.

Northern Hemisphere

The Northern Hemisphere is called the 'Land Hemisphere' because about 81% of Earth's land area lies in this hemisphere.

South America, Africa, Australia, Antarctica

Gondwanaland was the southern part of Pangaea comprising South America, Africa, Peninsular India, Australia, and Antarctica. Europe and North America were part of Laurasia.

Continents and ocean basins

Landforms of first order are those formed first after Earth's origin, such as continents and ocean basins. Mountains and valleys are second order, while deltas and ravines are third order.