Earthquake and Volcanoes — Important Questions

Can pass through solid medium only, Particles move up and down at right angles, Similar to light waves

S-waves can only pass through solid mediums, have particle motion perpendicular to wave direction, and are similar to light waves. They are slower than P-waves.

Volcanic vent

A volcanic vent is the funnel-shaped hole that develops on land surface above the volcanic pipe through which materials are ejected during eruption.

Faulting, Volcanic eruption, Human activities

Major causes of earthquakes include faulting due to tectonic movements, volcanic eruptions, and human activities like mining and dam construction. Ocean currents and wind patterns don't cause earthquakes.

Active volcano

Mount Etna is an active volcano that has been continuously ejecting lava, gases and other materials for the last 2500 years.