Periodic Properties and Variations of Properties - Physical and Chemical
ICSE · Class 10 · Chemistry
Complete topic list for Periodic Properties and Variations of Properties - Physical and Chemical in ICSE Class 10 Chemistry. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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Modern Periodic Table - Foundation
- Modern Periodic Law: Physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers (given by Moseley)
- Elements are arranged in increasing order of atomic numbers, not atomic weights
- 18 groups (vertical columns) and 7 periods (horizontal rows)
Classification of Elements
- s-block elements: Groups 1 and 2 (alkali metals and alkaline earth metals)
- p-block elements: Groups 13-18 (including noble gases)
- d-block elements: Groups 3-12 (transition metals)
Atomic Size (Atomic Radius)
- Distance from nucleus center to outermost electron shell
- Down a group: Atomic size INCREASES (more shells added)
- Across a period: Atomic size DECREASES (nuclear charge increases, same number of shells)
Ionisation Energy
- Energy required to remove most loosely bound electron from gaseous atom
- Down a group: Ionisation energy DECREASES (atomic size increases)
- Across a period: Ionisation energy INCREASES (nuclear charge increases)
Key Concepts
Central concept: Periodic Properties of Elements
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