Applications Of Derivatives - II — Chapter Summary
ICSE · Class 12 · Mathematics
Summary of Applications Of Derivatives - II for ICSE Class 12 Mathematics. Part of the ICSE Class 12 Mathematics syllabus.
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![Absolute (Global) Maxima and Minima A graph of a continuous function on a closed interval [a, b], clearly indicating the absolute maximum and absolute minimum values and their corresponding points.](https://s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/super-tutor/production/educational-images/mathematics/mathematics_global_maxima_minima_graph.png)
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Overview
Maxima, minima, and optimisation form the core of this chapter. A function may reach a highest or lowest value over its whole domain, or only near a point. The first idea is absolute extremum over an entire interval or domain, and the second is local extremum within a neighbourhood. The chapter also
Key Concepts
Absolute maximum is the greatest value
Absolute maximum is the greatest value of a function on an interval, while absolute minimum is the least value on that interval. Both are defined over
A local maximum is greater than
A local maximum is greater than or equal to nearby function values, and a local minimum is less than or equal to nearby values. These are neighbourhoo
Stationary points are values where f'(x)=0
Stationary points are values where f'(x)=0. Critical points are values where either f'(x)=0 or f'(x) does not exist. Every stationary point is a criti
If f'(x) changes from positive
If f'(x) changes from positive to negative at c, then f has a local maximum at c. If f'(x) changes from negative to positive, then f has a local minim
If f'(c)=0 and f''(c)<0
If f'(c)=0 and f''(c)<0, then f has a local maximum at c. If f'(c)=0 and f''(c)>0, then f has a local minimum at c. If f''(c)=0, the test gives no con
Learning Objectives
- Distinguish between absolute and local maxima and minima
- Identify stationary points and critical points correctly
- Use the first derivative test to classify local extrema and inflexion points
- Use the second derivative test to classify local maxima and minima
- Find absolute extrema on closed intervals using derivatives
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Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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