Electric Charges and Fields
ICSE · Class 12 · Physics
Most important questions from Electric Charges and Fields for ICSE Class 12 Physics board exam 2026. MCQs, short answer, and long answer questions with marks.
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Like charges attract each other.
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False
Like charges (same sign) repel each other. Unlike charges (opposite signs) attract each other. This is the fundamental law of electrostatics.
The quantisation of electric charge means that q = ±ne, where n is a positive integer.
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True
Quantisation means charge exists only as integral multiples of the elementary charge e. q = ±ne where n = 1, 2, 3, ... No charge between e and 2e can exist in free state.
The value of Coulomb's constant k (= 1/4πε₀) in SI units is:
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9 × 10⁹ N·m²·C⁻²
k = 1/4πε₀ = 9 × 10⁹ N·m²·C⁻². Note: 8.85 × 10⁻¹² is ε₀, and 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ is Newton's gravitational constant G.
Two equal positive charges are placed 1 m apart in vacuum. If the distance is doubled, the electrostatic force becomes:
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One-fourth
F ∝ 1/r². If r is doubled (r' = 2r), then F' = k·q²/(2r)² = k·q²/4r² = F/4. The force becomes one-fourth.
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