Weather and Climate

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Weather is the day-to-day condition of the atmosphere at a place. It includes temperature, humidity, wind speed, and rainfall. For example, today might be sunny and hot, but tomorrow could be rainy an…

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Climate is the average weather condition of a place over a long period of time, usually 30 years. For example, Rajasthan has a hot and dry climate because it is hot and gets very little rain most of t…

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Weather is about short-term conditions (like today or this week), while climate is about long-term averages (like over 30 years). Weather changes quickly — it can be sunny in the morning and rainy in …

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The equator gets direct sunlight all year. The sun's rays fall straight on it, so the heat is strong and spread over a small area. This makes places near the equator, like Kerala, very hot. This is ca…

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Latitude is the distance of a place from the equator. Places near the equator have low latitude and are hotter. Places far from the equator have high latitude and are colder. For example, Delhi is far…

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Altitude is the height of a place above sea level. Higher places are colder because the air is thinner and holds less heat. For example, Shimla is colder than Jalandhar even though they are on the sam…

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Altitude is the height of a place above sea level. Sea level is the same all over the world, so it is used as a base to measure height. Higher altitude means colder climate. For example, hill stations…

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Coastal areas are near the sea, so they have a moderate climate — not too hot in summer and not too cold in winter. This is because water heats and cools slowly. Land breezes and sea breezes also help…