India: Geographical Features

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India lies between 8°N to 37°N latitude and 68°E to 97°E longitude. This gives the country a large north-south and east-west spread and many different physical features.

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The north-south extent of mainland India is 3214 km, and the west-east extent is 2933 km. This shows that India is much longer from north to south than from west to east.

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The length of India’s peninsular coastline is about 7516.6 km. This long coastline helps explain the importance of coastal plains, ports, and sea trade.

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The Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of India and through Madhya Pradesh, covering the longest distance there. It divides the country into two latitudinal halves, north temperate and south t…

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Indian Standard Time is taken from the 82½°E meridian which passes through Allahabad. IST is 5½ hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time because the Standard Meridian lies east of Greenwich.

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In the north, India is separated from the rest of Asia by the Himalayas. On the south, southwest, and southeast, the Indian Peninsula is bordered by the Indian Ocean, the Arabian Sea, and the Bay of B…

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India’s immediate neighbours include China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, and Pakistan. The Eastern trijunction is where India, China, and Myanmar meet.

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Pakistan was created after the partition of the country in 1947. This changed India’s north-western boundary and is an important historical event in the region’s geography.