Biodiversity, Conservation and Environmental Issues

National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, Sacred Groves, Biosphere Reserves

In situ conservation protects organisms in their natural habitats. National parks, sanctuaries, sacred groves, and biosphere reserves are examples. Zoos and seed banks are ex situ conservation methods.

True

Species richness shows a latitudinal gradient - it is highest at lower latitudes (equator) and decreases towards the poles due to stable tropical climate, abundant sunlight, and consistent rainfall.

Ex situ conservation - Botanical Garden

Ex situ conservation is done outside natural habitat (gardens, zoos), in situ is in natural habitat (parks, sanctuaries), cryopreservation uses low temperature storage, and sacred groves are traditional conservation methods.