Chapter 14 of 16
Syllabus
Biomolecules — Syllabus
Maharashtra Board · Class 12 · Chemistry
What Biomolecules covers in Maharashtra Board Class 12 Chemistry: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Topics include 1 Introduction and Classification, 2.
44 questions20 flashcards5 concepts
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4 Topics · Maharashtra Board Class 12 Chemistry · 2026-27
Topics in Biomolecules
1
14.1 Introduction and Classification of Biomolecules
- Biomolecules are large molecules found in living organisms
- Primary structural materials: proteins and cellulose
- Energy sources: carbohydrates and lipids
2
14.2 Carbohydrates - Structure and Classification
- Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones
- General formula: Cx(H2O)y (hydrates of carbon)
- Classification: Monosaccharides, Oligosaccharides, Polysaccharides
3
14.2.3-14.2.10 Glucose Structure and Properties
- Glucose preparation: From sucrose (acid hydrolysis) or starch (industrial method)
- Structural evidence: C6H12O6, straight chain, one aldehyde group, five OH groups
- Optical isomerism: 4 chiral carbons, D-configuration, dextrorotatory (+52.7°)
4
14.2.9 Important Disaccharides
- Sucrose: α-glucose (C-1) + β-fructose (C-2), non-reducing, invert sugar on hydrolysis
- Maltose: Two glucose units, α-1,4-glycosidic bond, reducing sugar
- Lactose: β-galactose (C-1) + glucose (C-4), β-1,4-glycosidic bond, reducing sugar
Key Concepts
Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketonesGlucose (C6H12O6) exists in open chainFormed by condensation of two monosaccharidesαFour levels
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What are the important topics in Biomolecules for Maharashtra Board Class 12 Chemistry?
Key topics in Biomolecules include 1 Introduction and Classification of Biomolecules, 2 Carbohydrates - Structure and Classification, 2.3-14.2.10 Glucose Structure and Properties, 2.9 Important Disaccharides. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the Maharashtra Board Class 12 board exam.
How should I revise Biomolecules for the Maharashtra Board Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 44 practice questions on Biomolecules. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.
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Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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