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Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids — Flashcards

Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 12 · Chemistry

80 flashcards for Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids (Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Chemistry) to test yourself on key terms and facts.

121 questions80 flashcards8 formulas & key relations5 concepts

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A labeled diagram showing the selective partial reduction of nitriles and esters to aldehydes using DIBAL-H (Diisobutylaluminum hydride) at low temperatures, followed by hydrolysis.
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80 Flashcards·
Nomenclature and classificationनामकरण और वर्गीकरणसंरचना और ध्रुवीयताStructure and polarity
Card 1Nomenclature and classification

What are aldehydes?

Answer

Aldehydes are carbonyl compounds in which the carbon of the carbonyl group is bonded to a carbon and a hydrogen. General formula: RCHO. IUPAC suffix: -al. Example: ethanal.

Card 2नामकरण और वर्गीकरण

ऐल्डिहाइड क्या होते हैं?

Answer

ऐल्डिहाइड (Aldehydes) कार्बोनिल यौगिक होते हैं जिनमें कार्बोनिल समूह का कार्बन एक कार्बन और हाइड्रोजन से बंधा होता है। सामान्य सूत्र: RCHO. IUPAC प्रत्यय: -al. उदाहरण: एथेनल।…

Card 3नामकरण और वर्गीकरण

कीटोन क्या होते हैं?

Answer

कीटोन (Ketone) ऐसे कार्बोनिल यौगिक होते हैं जिनमें कार्बोनिल कार्बन दो कार्बन परमाणुओं से बंधा होता है। सामान्य सूत्र: R2CO. IUPAC प्रत्यय: -ओन। उदाहरण: एसीटोन सबसे सरल कीटोन है और इसे डाइमिथाइल कीटोन…

Card 4Nomenclature and classification

What are ketones?

Answer

Ketones are carbonyl compounds in which the carbonyl carbon is bonded to two carbon atoms. General formula: R2CO. IUPAC suffix: -one. Example: acetone is the simplest ketone and is called dimethyl ket…

Card 5Nomenclature and classification

What are carboxylic acids?

Answer

Carboxylic acids contain the carboxyl group, -COOH. The carbonyl carbon is bonded to oxygen of the hydroxyl group and to carbon or hydrogen. General formulas: RCOOH for aliphatic acids and ArCOOH for …

Card 6नामकरण और वर्गीकरण

कार्बोक्सिलिक अम्ल क्या होते हैं?

Answer

कार्बोक्सिलिक अम्लों में कार्बोक्सिल समूह, -COOH होता है। कार्बोनिल कार्बन हाइड्रॉक्सिल समूह के ऑक्सीजन से और कार्बन या हाइड्रोजन से बंधा होता है। सामान्य सूत्र: RCOOH एलिफैटिक अम्लों के लिये और ArCOO…

Card 7संरचना और ध्रुवीयता

कार्बोनिल समूह अत्यधिक प्रतिक्रियाशील क्यों है?

Answer

कार्बोनिल कार्बन sp2 संकरित होता है जिसका बंधन कोण लगभग 120° होता है। C=O bond is polar because oxygen is more electronegative than कार्बन। अतः, कार्बोनिल कार्बन इलेक्ट्रॉनस्नेही और ऑक्सीजन नाभिकस्नेह…

Card 8Structure and polarity

Why is the carbonyl group highly reactive?

Answer

The carbonyl carbon is sp2-hybridised with bond angles near 120°. The C=O bond is polar because oxygen is more electronegative than carbon. So, the carbonyl carbon becomes electrophilic and the oxygen…

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids for Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Chemistry?
Key topics in Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids include Aldehydes have the group RCHO, The carbonyl carbon is sp2, Aldehydes and ketones are prepared by, A nucleophile attacks the electrophilic carbonyl. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 board exam.
How many flashcards are available for Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids?
There are 80 flashcards for Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids covering key definitions, facts and ideas. A few sample cards are shown on this page.
How should I revise Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids for the Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 121 practice questions on Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

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