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International Trade — Syllabus

Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 12 · Geography

What International Trade covers in Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Geography: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session.

44 questions78 flashcards5 concepts

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A bar chart illustrating the significant increase in India's external trade value from 1950-51 to 2020-21, highlighting the sharp rise over decades.
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4 Topics · Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Geography · 2026-27

Topics in International Trade

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1. Meaning and importance of international trade

  • International trade is the exchange of goods and services between countries.
  • No country can produce everything it needs efficiently, so trade becomes necessary.
  • India’s share in world trade is small, but its role in the world economy is significant.
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2. Changing pattern of exports

  • The composition of India’s exports has changed over time.
  • Manufactured goods formed the largest share of exports in 2021-22.
  • The share of manufactured goods decreased from 72.9% in 2015-16 to 67.8% in 2021-22.
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3. Changing pattern of imports

  • During the 1950s and 1960s, major import items were foodgrain, capital goods, machinery, and equipment.
  • India faced serious food shortage during this period.
  • After the 1970s, foodgrain import was discontinued due to the success of the Green Revolution.
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4. Direction of trade and major trading partners

  • India has trade relations with most countries and major trading blocks of the world.
  • Most foreign trade is carried through sea and air routes.
  • A small portion is carried by land route to Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Pakistan.

Key Concepts

Central concept: International Trade as the exchange of goods and services between countries through sea, air, and land routes, shaped by exports, imports, ports, airports, and changing trade patterns in India

Meaning and significanceChanging pattern of tradeComposition of exportsComposition of importsDirection of tradeSea ports as gatewaysHistorical impact on portsHinterland

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in International Trade for Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Geography?
Key topics in International Trade include Meaning and importance of international trade, Changing pattern of exports, Changing pattern of imports, Direction of trade and major trading partners. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 board exam.
How should I revise International Trade for the Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 44 practice questions on International Trade. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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